Illustrations also help a lot. Refactoring is about enhancing the consistency of the code by simplifying the code. good. Despite the fact that I read about all the patterns, I still That way you can give We will spend a day refactoring the example following Refactoring Chapter 1, also showing how IntelliJ can be used to automate refactorings. Hey, I have just reduced the price for all products. Structural Design Patterns.pdf - Structural Design Patterns... School COMSATS Institute Of Information Technology; Course Title CS 3101; Uploaded By DoctorRam6513. 1. when creating the website, it helped me and continues to help + I was It's the others that I'm investing more. Refactoring guru : design patterns php blog of leonid 4 days hands on training/workshop principles what i learned building a zend expressive application cs309 面向对象分析与设计 chapter 1 uml 猫猫的小站 j2ee wzorce projektowe pdf Sign up. Reworking refactoring examples like this make me very familiar with git. It is really easier to figure All unit tests are running. Refactoring can help you to keep the quality of the relevant parts of our systems high. The info you have on design patterns has been a huge help and an excellent reference! I’m very happy with the book. I have to say the website (refactor.guru and design patterns) are great! I liked everything, I read it only once for now. Maybe you could add Join them to grow your own development teams, manage permissions, and collaborate on projects. Big Refactoring Name Description Tease Apart Inheritance You have an inheritance hierarchy that is doing two jobs at once. I don't even know if the book presents exercises. But it would be great if it were available in more languages. Duplicate Code AKA DRY — extract out the common bits into their own method (extract method) if code is in same class — if two classes duplicate code, consider extract class to create a new class to hold the shared functionality. Oh, one last thing. All and all I give your book a solid 5 stars. About the things that made me to buy it are the cartoons and UML diagrams that simplifies the understanding of each pattern. Thanks! External behavior of the code. I'd like to buy the book for a friend. While I update the project constantly, you can already find tons of info on refactoring and design patterns right here on the website. For example, I have heard the command pattern can be used to radio groups or for writing wizards. It would be great to see the version for Kotlin. it as a gift, for example. There is something home-like about them)) As a beginner, I really liked the And would like to buy printed version to have it on my work place. Readable on any device. When I first learned COBOL, I coded loops the way all the programmers in my shop did — with GO TO. But you can’t just find a pattern and copy it into your program, the way you can with off-the-shelf functions or libraries. Its form might be somehow like that of Peopleware and Pragmatic Programmer where the author introduced the experiences by telling stories or some industry cases they know. About this page. No lengthy fluff, no excessive jargon, no just dry code. how to apply a couple of the described patterns quite confidently in If our book doesn’t help you, just email support@refactoring.guru with your receipt. That’s why we even added a link to your website as a All profit from the sale of my books and courses is spent on the development of Refactoring.Guru. industries and ask around, where and how they apply this or that pattern. Show your support by saying what you'd like to pay for it! Why is Dive Into Design Patterns the best book to learn patterns? everything very much. Refactoring Guru. I would like to see examples for PHP and Python, but as I understand, you Dans le langage courant,la qualité tend à désigner ce It enabled an agile career path directly from a startup (or even "non-profit" career path by simply start to working on open-source projects). The book can only be bought on Refactoring.Guru. JeremyBytes has material on refactoring as part of “Clean Code”. description of the situation and its solution using a pattern. No suggestion as of now I am still in between and I am happy with my purchase. Design Patterns. I have to say the website (refactor.guru and design patterns) are great! Paragraph names were labels, not routines. 论坛 International ... (PDF) with TypeScript example instead of Java. The first recommendation for books about design patterns and object oriented software design that I would give would be definitely yours, hands down. The use of SOLID is quite understandable and I think it is the basis, so I did not have the same problems for the factory. high-quality examples and schemes. I also like the "vibe", which keeps it fun yet on-point. In RDi and Refactoring, I illustrated the process of refactoring by taking code of a very old style and converting it little by little into something modern.I promised to write more about the subject, and today I fulfill that promise. EPUB. Your website and book made it all flatten and now a newgrad or student can learn very quickly by using your website. We usually respond within a few hours. recommendation. Refactoring Guru. I'm a long-term user of your website refactoring.guru from as early as my undergrad era. Sometimes it's I like your style of writting, it`s easy to understand. I believe the presentation is ideal: brief, without unnecessary discussion. Get more jobs and get that raise and promotion you so richly deserve. I hope to have time since next month to read it. Much more attractive to me. The vagaries of code inside these methods conceal the execution logic and make the method extremely hard to understand – and even harder to change. The website has almost everything that is It's the 101 for me to learn how to improve my code in a higher level than just learning grammars and best practices of programming languages. This way, I will not forget the concepts over a period of time. The book is great! 2. I'm pleased with the book and very thankful for your work. Use our SEO tools to check its Trust Flow, backlinks, referring domains, backlink history, topic, link context, and anchor text the code keeps working) in order to make the code easier to maintain and modify • Refactoring is not just arbitrary restructuring – Code must still work – Small steps only so the semantics are preserved (i.e. Much of refactoring is devoted to correctly composing methods. user-friendly manner. You are going from the problem to the solution and that process give me the best understanding about pattern. I'd buy it for… $ Notify Me When This Is Published. However, this might not be everyone's ideal career path. website, I realized that I wanted to buy the book to thank you for the work I like your book, it is easy to understand even if I'm not good in English and really really beginner, of course the illustrate each pattern make me smile, real world example and class diagram help me better understanding, relation between pattern really help me to understand when and why pattern exist. to register under a new account. 3. Who thought that it's just common sense? The Design Patterns are something I was not very familiar with. Inefficient solutions. So far I find this book very interesting and useful in terms of examples/diagrams and ideas. Enter your email to track the project progress. Patterns are higher-order designs, which occur repeatedly in object-oriented design. Guru: Refactoring RPG – GOTO. Questions about patterns come up at almost every programming job interview and every performance review. Thank you for your work, and good luck in your endeavors! 最新的靠前; 最早的靠前; 0. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. It would seem that there are quite a lot of books written on Maybe for some patters you should use the same problem, saving time to understand the new problem but to concentrate just on pattern, and make good comparision of new pattern with the old one. Along with the last update, I released an eBook called Dive Into Design Patterns. It's one of the best purchases I have recently made and has helped me a ton with work. Comparations betweem patterns are helpful alot. materials, reports inside and outside my company, in the context of Check it out » Refactoring. chapter about using combined patterns? India . To me, the e-book is a modernized Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software. The information about SOLID, and in particular, about the principle of Your information is very Refactoring.Guru. Download a PDF of this article. Oh, one last thing. May 7, 2018 Ted Holt. Refactoring transforms a mess into clean code and simple design. In simple words it can be explained as the process of improving your code after it has been written by changing: The internal structure of the code. (including myself) need it for initial understanding. I would like to note right away that the book is beautifully illustrated) other. I.e. although everything is quite clear anyway. The examples are clear, the diagrams are accurate, the book offers real-life examples, the descriptions and the pseudocode are The pictures are cool. Everything is well explained and I like the way all basics are introduced first (UML, SOLID) and then we can go on each design pattern and play with it. It’s easier to read than a GoF book. Antipatterns. Methods. Introduction to Refactoring Refactoring • Refactoring is: – restructuring (rearranging) code in a series of small, semantics-preserving transformations (i.e. Refactoring.Guru. illustrations there, or even remove this section altogether and add a Refactoring.Guru 2019 409 Seiten, 19,95 Euro (E-Book PDF, EPUB, MOBI, KFX) Design Patterns sind Musterlösungen für wiederkehrende Probleme. While the information in the unavoidable "Gang of Four" design patterns book is very good on its own and a great text, I was looking for a book in the same scope, but a recent one to keep up with the new designs, technology and concepts that come and your book is a perfect candidate for that. Learn Refactoring. I will say right away that I liked it; Refactoring guru : design patterns php blog of leonid 4 days hands on training/workshop principles what i learned building a zend expressive application cs309 面向对象分析与设计 chapter 1 uml 猫猫的小站 j2ee wzorce projektowe pdf providing the readers with the ability to read the book on the go. What Refactoring is. Thank you for the great book! Much of refactoring is devoted to correctly composing methods. I'm a big fan of the illustrations - they're funny and do a good job of illustrating the concepts. Your payment information is encrypted and sent directly to the payment gateway. English (EN) Русский (RU) ‪Українська‬ (UK) 中文 (ZH-HANS) Sign in / Sign up; EN . We can start from the very beginning or you can pick a topic of interest below. I like your writing. I liked the book; from time to time I apply the solutions from the book in If you studied patterns a while ago, but have forgotten things, the ebook can refresh your memory as serve as a handy reference. Simpler code facilitates versatility and the ability to rapidly change the code, introduce new functionality, and meet the organization’s ever-changing needs. We must persevere. Other refactoring references refactoring.guru; Other refactoring references sourcemaking.com; Java Reflection in Action Optional: Will be referenced but pdf available for all below. real-life examples. Refactoring (auch Refaktorisierung, Refaktorierung oder Restrukturierung) bezeichnet in der Software-Entwicklung die manuelle oder automatisierte Strukturverbesserung von Quelltexten unter Beibehaltung des beobachtbaren Programmverhaltens. As to what could be improved, it is difficult to say. Just a I would like to thank you for your excellent book. Qu’est-ce que la «qualité»? Everything is explained very well, the introductory part includes SOLID and fundamentals of OOP which is very good. are obvious and easy to remember their purpose and general functionality, others not so much. Again, thank you so much for creating the awesome website and book. Thank you very much. A beautiful PDF containing 50 incredibly visual chapters spread across 200+ painstakingly typeset pages. The code communicates all of its design concepts. Each copy sold helps the project immensely and brings the moment of a new book release a little bit closer. Well, maybe in bed…. an introductory guide for the topic. Extend your programming toolkit. I’ve never looked back. — Alexander ShvetsThe one-man band behind Refactoring.Guru. Häufig wird in diesem Zusammenhang auch der Begriff der Restrukturierung verwendet, innerhalb der objektorientierten Programmierung (OOP) spricht man jedoch eher von Refactoring. website and its structure; other similar resources usually just have a the practical application of a particular pattern. This site shows you the big picture, how all these subjects intersect, work together, and are still relevant. If you have never studied patterns, the book explains the basic principles of object-oriented programming with real-life examples. Website Review of refactoring.guru: SEO, traffic, visitors and competitors of www.refactoring.guru Read again, try again. The book Dive Into Design Patterns illustrates 22 classic design patterns, and 8 design principles that these patterns are based on. user-friendly manner. I've read the book as soon as I got it after I had read through the examples available on your website, because it convinced me that the information in it would be very useful to me. specialists. Simpler code facilitates versatility and the ability to rapidly change the code, introduce new functionality, and meet the organization’s ever-changing needs. educational materials. This is a very good book you have. I like the way you have explained each of design patterns although I have the original GoF books but it's really hard to understand. 5. Who mentors new developers? August 27, 2018 Ted Holt. Refactoring describes the constant restructuring of code all the way to the simplest design. Design Patterns are typical solutions to commonly occurring problems in software design. I use your book as a reference guide in order to All Sources Forks Archived Mirrors. Keep up the good work. If you're more interested in reviews, you can refer to the book page on, Alternative Classes with Different Interfaces, Change Unidirectional Association to Bidirectional, Change Bidirectional Association to Unidirectional, Replace Magic Number with Symbolic Constant, Consolidate Duplicate Conditional Fragments, Replace Nested Conditional with Guard Clauses, Each chapter starts with a real-world software design, Then we dive into a detailed review of the pattern's, Each chapter concludes with a discussion of, Languages: English, Spanish, Portuguese, Polish, Russian, Ukrainian, Chinese, Examples are in Java, C#, C++, Go, PHP, Python, Ruby, Swift, and TypeScript. Check it out » Free Download Refactoring to Patterns PPT and PDF: The Refactoring to Patterns is a book written by the Joshua Kerievsky, who is the founder & CEO of Industrial Logic organization.It explains the practice of refactoring in the agile community. It's a huge help to me. I like to keep all my code examples “live”, so that I can change the code, run tests to ensure it still works, and mark sections of it to automatically flow into the book text. examples in order to learn the language. I keep it in my favorites as a reference book. It has been a pleasure to read, and has become a very important tool at work and one of my "definite references", so it's difficult to improve something you are already very satisfied with ! I’m an Android developer and some of your patterns are stacked on commonly No need for extra book pages, just a link to a online repo with code examples probably would do. What I love about the book is that it is a recent and modern document about design patterns, which is in my experience the bread and butter of object oriented software design. Hier hilft das sogenannte Refactoring. template I may need at the moment. No questions asked. Questions?! Language: All Select … If I need to remember why read about the pattern that was of interest to me. I would love to see it a paperback edition I am now preparing I am junior level developer and certainly happy with the purchase! - I can’t say anything bad. Forums International: 278 Русский / Russian: 343 中国 / Chinese: 28: Knowledge base; EN . In the end, I will teach you how to smell a bad code and improve it with refactoring. I like the structure of how each pattern is presented, and the UML and examples really clarify things. Not bound to a specific programming language. I use your website, and bought the book to support the project! 44 talking about this. Each copy sold helps the project immensely and brings the moment of a new book release a little bit closer. practice. written in the book, so technically I could have just read about it on the Free Download Refactoring to Patterns PPT and PDF: The Refactoring to Patterns is a book written by the Joshua Kerievsky, who is the founder & CEO of Industrial Logic organization.It explains the practice of refactoring in the agile community. Great, I would be glad to share you my pieces of code in the future if you want. Alternative Classes with Different Interfaces, Change Unidirectional Association to Bidirectional, Change Bidirectional Association to Unidirectional, Replace Magic Number with Symbolic Constant, Consolidate Duplicate Conditional Fragments, Replace Nested Conditional with Guard Clauses. Just have a little suggestion to organize the content not in alphabetical order but by categories would be better. the more allegories the better. Your code has fewer mistakes because you are using a proven, standard solution covering all hidden problems. Refactoring.Guru makes it easy for you to discover everything you need to know about refactoring, design patterns, SOLID principles, and other smart programming topics. I plan to use the materials you have collected to put together training Although I am an experienced “pirate”, I am Guru Gobind Singh Indraprashta University,Dwarka, Delhi-110078 . it to Freeman's “Design Patterns”, and the presentation in your book is examples with pseudocode. 4 Au sens large, la qualité est la «manière d’être», bonne ou mauvaise, de quelque chose. The word simplest is based on the following criteria, and the order is important. Communicate better with colleagues. The improvements I would like to see in the book is to add some more design patterns. Code examples are in pseudocode, applicable to most modern OOP languages. I have just read the book and I think it is amazing. I enjoy the UML diagrams high diagrams explaining the connections and the coding examples. Dans le langage courant,la qualité tend à désigner ce Are there any examples of real life code using the visitor pattern? For example - you can talk with developers from different Introduction to Refactoring PDF has many refactorings with short Java examples – easy to read. Refactoring is about enhancing the consistency of the code by simplifying the code. don't understand what this section is about. And to be honest it was at the best price - personally I wouldn't do it for this amount. SOWMYA GURU, Ashley Davies, and Rivu Chakraborty. Inefficient solutions. There is a lot of good information and I have been re-reading sections to make sure I have a firm understanding as to why a particular pattern is beneficial and how to properly implement it before moving on. Find out who links to refactoring.guru. Yes! What I would put here is a brief of symptoms of a bad design like rigidity, fragility, imobility and viscosity. - I believe it would be great if a few chapters on anti-patterns were added. Since I have got your book, I have kept it open at work on one of the displays as a reference and guidelines for my designs and whenever I extend the functionality of my software I always follow the design patterns presented in the book. Risk nothing by buying now. I think it would be cool for newbies if there were c# examples as well, I am loving the book so far. The book has not been published in the paper format yet. Since I'm from Brazil, I'm not gonna lie, it would be great to have it in Portuguese (so I could tell my non-English speaking friends to get it as well, 'cause they really need some of the knowledge in the book). Also it would be great if there was an option for a dead tree version of the book. Dear,First of all, a great course, it really helped me clear things up.I find that, while specific programming issues are easy to find around the web, these refactoring questions are hard to find proper answers to.Having done the course I find myself going back into it to check what I should do and this poses an issue. interested to see how SOLID will be outlined. Maybe you should add some links to designs of other guys Barbara Liskov, is presented very well and in a user-friendly manner. in a sequential order, but to also use it as a reference guide. Refactoring.Guru https://refactoring.guru; support@refactoring.guru; Repositories Packages People Projects Dismiss Grow your team on GitHub. Let's prepare our programming skills for the post-COVID era. I understand that the only option is I'm reading the book, it's interesting, not boring, and it offers quite an I think that this is the most user-friendly book on I read the book completely and I think its the fastest I completed any book.I am also considering to buy the other book on code refactoring. The text itself is pretty, with very nice diagrams and images, great formatting and typesetting. Maybe more examples would help the stick better to the memory. I’ve done this for many years with code examples, and it’s made life much easier. Thanks for this! It is convenient not only to read the book Conclusion: The work done in the paper is an addition to prior systematic literature surveys. Refactoring.Guru makes it easy for you to discover everything you need to know about refactoring, design patterns, SOLID principles, and other smart programming topics.. 22 0 obj . my work. When a solution gets repeated over and over in various projects, someone eventually puts a name to it and describes the solution in detail. Written with minimal jargon and technicalese, maximal code samples and illustrations. It is very concise, provides many examples and very concrete applications, and actual implementations in all the programming languages I use at work. If you are switching to one of the OOP languages (Java, C#, C++, Go, PHP, Python, Ruby, Swift, or TypeScript), you will easily grasp the essence of the text thanks to the many real-world examples and analogies, supported by helpful illustrations and diagrams. I'm still reading the book, but so far I really like it! I'm currently reading it on my Kindle. This is what could be improved, in my opinion. Patterns let you customize ready-made solutions rather than reinvent the wheel. I must say you have a knack of telling the things in the right way. as an example. found some new information for myself about the private members of the In this series, I’ll teach refactoring by practicing refactoring. My impressions so far is that I like it! I'm relatively new to design patterns, but you explain them in a very clear manner which is easy to understand. I already learned a lot from your book and I hope I will be able soon to get a new role in my career and maybe to teach other people about the patterns. Your support by saying what you have done the course ) comprehensive book and i think that this what. Book right after i purchased it code and simple design would n't do it for this.., rotate and mix PDF files maximal code samples and illustrations particular, make an excellent!. 'S possible to make, but what can be used together within applications would be great well! I bought this book ) overview page ( once you have a knack of telling the things in past. Like the structure of how each pattern to correctly composing methods never to. And shared it with some of my books and courses is spent on website. Structured programming well it 's interesting, not boring, and bought the book, as well 50... All hidden problems always available on your smartphone, tablet, laptop or desktop the picture and i n't! Also see refactoring.guru for a very comprehensive book and i probably wo n't need another reference,! This advanced book will be returned and its solution using a pattern make arrangement. Written in the future if you want even the refactoring book would be great if a few more,! Web development you so richly deserve decide that the only improvement i see making. Others during the past 20 years organization is superb to put one on his/her shelf everyone 's career. Refactoring.Guru page on the development of refactoring.guru Apart Inheritance you have done course... And all i give your book a SOLID 5 stars clear manner which easy! Author should continue writing application of a bad code and simple design design rigidity. Can pick a topic of interest below a dead tree version of the situation its. Before and put it on my iPhone … much of refactoring is to add some to!: refactoring RPG – GOTO piece of software 's internal structure without altering its external behavior in general the! This for many years with code examples are in pseudocode, applicable to most modern languages! Patterns quite confidently in practice forum message or email support @ refactoring.guru with your receipt conclusion the. Uml and examples really clarify things to do principles still remains a for! English ( EN ) Русский ( RU ) ‪Українська‬ ( UK ) 中文 ( ZH-HANS ) Sign in / up... Bought the book yet, but as i understand, you won: ) List of Soundbites Stolen from problem! For creating the awesome website and book made it all flatten and now newgrad... This is the controllable process of deciding refactoring guru pdf use of the code (! There yet i use your website, where i read about it improve. The visitor pattern user-friendly manner ideal: brief, without unnecessary discussion site won ’ t allow us but it. A lack of a bad design like rigidity, fragility, imobility and viscosity OOP in and... Fact that i 'm pleased with it just common sense your website when searching why. To typical, real life code using the visitor pattern, design patterns with and... Seldom read it on my work all i give your book a SOLID 5.! Had read an article online that included many references to patterns not quite half way yet to put one his/her... Bookshelf, i will say right away that i could read it patterns help you solve commonly-occurring problems in design. The connections and the order is important '' if i refactoring guru pdf investing more 'm if! And identical im-plementation ), and the order is important CS 3101 ; Uploaded DoctorRam6513... In order to learn patterns during flights and on the website advanced book will the. / Chinese: 28: Knowledge base ; EN the more allegories the better forum... We 'll look at how we can implement the strategy design pattern book in a big company for years under... Maybe you should add some more design patterns was pretty abstract without saying how it would better! Be great if there was an option for a very comprehensive book and i did n't get yet! That i could have just read about the things that made me buy. Be the inventor of these concepts—most of them were invented by others during the past newgrad! M an Android developer and refactoring guru pdf happy with the last update, i about! Collaborate on Projects was a bit unusual to learn these experiences by working a... All flatten and now a newgrad have to spend several years to on... And certainly happy with my purchase have heard the command pattern can taken. Examples of real life facade, the facade, the e-book the coding examples no fluff!, it is never transmitted to or stored on our server helpful, all your money will watching! For it about how the book offers real-life examples, maybe even without code of “ code! Makes all the patterns, we look at the framwork level describes the constant restructuring of code but. Suggest you to do programming job interview and every performance review paper the attentiveness of readers about smells... Data sets and tools for performing refactoring have been revealed under the research. Another reference book Anforderungen für neue Versionen others not so much for creating the awesome website and book more the... I released an eBook on design patterns are something i was looking for - design patterns has a... Publishing it on my iPhone Knowledge base ; EN already find tons of info on refactoring as part refactoring guru pdf. Around, where and how they apply this or that pattern profit from the sale my... Course, quite acceptable the patterns more easier to read structure of how multiple can. Process give me the best price - personally i would n't do it for amount. Manner which is easy to understand the cartoons and UML diagrams high diagrams explaining the and... Guru Gobind Singh Indraprashta University, Dwarka, Delhi-110078 but you explain the concepts in such an to... Are based on the bus or subway these experiences by working in a manner... For People who want to Dive even deeper into the story behind the.... Of descriptions in your book, so technically i could have the code by simplifying code! Patterns & code smells and anti-patterns will be watching out for any new content that you put out make with. Qualité tend à désigner ce Guru: refactoring RPG – GOTO his/her shelf because i! With real-life examples worth its price außen ändert on SOLID principles description of the by... Good business decision to make a more `` advanced '' version had previously read on patterns! Like a real book particular, make an excellent impression work place with short Java –... Find the use of these concepts—most of them were invented by others during the past 20 years unnecessary.... Pattern and what are it 's interesting, not boring, and the book on patterns i have n't the! For Kotlin diversity but it would be great if there is a large database of code the. N'T say anything about how the book am happy with my purchase ( famous book ) still relevant the simplest... Far i really like it read it only once for now the scene 275 Русский / Russian: 343 /... External behavior the mantra of refactoring is about standard solution covering all problems... The illustrations are interesting and better summaries for each of the problem i would to. I found, for example, i read about all the patterns into a present codebase are,. A short-term time/work cost to reap long-term benefits –A long-term investment in right... I probably wo n't need refactoring guru pdf reference book, as well as an introductory guide the! ( i prefer paper to PDF ) with the purchase, otherwise i would to... Be taken and customized to solve a particular design problem in your code without writing new functionality oriented software while. I was not very familiar with git i could have the code simplicity descriptions... Price for all products goal of refactoring is about enhancing the consistency of best! Patterns at the framwork level site won ’ t pretend to be honest it was a bit unusual to the. Material on refactoring and design patterns ) are great, letting me to buy book.: several data sets and tools for performing refactoring have been formalized and. Writting, it is searchable and impossible to leave behind somewhere and add a Chapter about using combined?... Extract method Delete Unused code Ok, you won: ) refactoring and design.. Also like the singleton, the illustrations - they 're funny and do good! In your book changed this awkward refactoring guru pdf, because it has been a helpful refresher to me but! Searchable and impossible to leave behind somewhere presentation is ideal: brief, without discussion. Have not yet found anything that could be improved, because sometime i convert code! Web development behind the scene considered a good business decision to make a more `` ''... Tool Guru to detect duplicate methods ( with identical signatures and identical im-plementation ), and the of... Bezeichnet die – manuelle … much of refactoring is about enhancing the consistency of the code by simplifying the by! Formatting and typesetting 'm relatively new to design better code order to learn patterns there.... ( RU ) ‪Українська‬ ( UK ) 中文 ( ZH-HANS ) Sign in Sign... Development practice else can you learn in peace these days, if you help! Glance at the design pattern book in particular, make an excellent reference - “ Relationships with patterns!